Naples

Founded as Parthenope by Greek refugees from Cumae in the 8th century BCE; the site eventually gave rise to Neapolis in the 6th century BCE and was one of the most prominent cities of Magna Graecia; conquered by Romans 4th cen. BCE; part of kingdoms of Ostrogoths, Byzantines & Muslims; went to Kingdom of Two Sicilies, then to popes, and back to Sicily; damaged in WW II, and by earthquake in 1980; historic core named UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.